Yes it is including contactInfoInline.gsp (cfr the snippet I pasted) but, if you look at that GSP file, you will see that it just holds the style and the labels for ‘Address’ and ‘Phone number’.
The actual name & phone number data should come from contactInfo.gsp. But that one is never included anywhere! I did a grep on the sources for ui.includeFragment("coreapps", "patientdashboard/contactInfo" to no avail…
Coming back to the original question, it seems that we will have to fork Core Apps then. But clearly it should be better to have a way to include a customizable fragment, if desired. Perhaps that is the point of those extensions and configs, but I never really understood how the whole thing is plugged together.